Submergence of the Western Greco-Roman Archaeological Site at the Eastern Harbor of Alexandria: Emerged from High Resolution Geophysical Mapping

Marine geophysical surveys were carried out at the underwater site in south-western sector of Eastern Harbor Alexandria, opposite to Egyptian Sea Scout Club. Survey works aimed detect and study surface subsurface geomorphological changes caused by historic sea-level rise natural hazards, integrating results high-resolution mapping for seafloor textures layers with previously published core data records, survey employed echo-sounder, side scan sonar, sub-bottom profiler. Acoustic ground-truthed using an ROV camera sediment grab sampler. Results bathymetric sonar imaging outlined two breakwaters quay corresponding a submerged ancient port; also, types classified according variation magnitude backscattered intensities. Interpretation profiles illustrated depositional sequence topmost sedimentary where thicknesses thickened rates that perfectly matched recorded rate during last millennia, as indicated isopach maps. Anthropogenic activities noticed particular outcropping areas on profiles. The explained role hazards changing geomorphology coastline seabed features.